Linux必备软件(多发行版安装指南)

本篇收录常用软件,并附带 Debian/Ubuntu (APT)Fedora/RHEL (DNF)通用方式 (Flatpak/AppImage/源码) 的安装方法

1、电源管理与华硕控制(asusctl)

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S asusctl supergfxctl

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:asus-linux/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install asusctl supergfxctl

# Fedora
sudo dnf install asusctl supergfxctl

常用命令:

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asusctl profile --list
asusctl profile --profile-set Quiet # 静音模式
asusctl profile --profile-set Balanced # 均衡模式
asusctl profile --profile-set Performance # 性能模式

2、Minecraft 启动器

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S minecraft-launcher

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install minecraft-launcher

# Fedora
sudo dnf install minecraft-launcher

# 通用方式
flatpak install flathub com.mojang.Minecraft

3、Java JDK(示例:Java 11)

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S jdk11-openjdk

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk

# Fedora
sudo dnf install java-11-openjdk

4、Git

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S git

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install git

# Fedora
sudo dnf install git

配置:

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git config --global user.email "yourmail@example.com"
git config --global user.name "YourName"

5、WPS Office

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# Arch (AUR)
yay -S wps-office-cn wps-office-mui-zh-cn ttf-wps-fonts

# Ubuntu/Debian
# 先下载官方 .deb 包,然后安装:
sudo dpkg -i wps-office*.deb
sudo apt -f install # 自动修复依赖

# Fedora (rpm)
sudo dnf install wps-office*.rpm

arch修复缺少依赖:

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yay -S libtiff5 freetype2-wps

6、Visual Studio Code

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# Arch (AUR)
yay -S visual-studio-code-bin

# Ubuntu/Debian
wget https://vscode.download.prss.microsoft.com/dbazure/download/stable/e3a5acfb517a443235981655413d566533107e92/code_1.104.2-1758714318_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i code*.deb

# Fedora
wget https://vscode.download.prss.microsoft.com/dbazure/download/stable/e3a5acfb517a443235981655413d566533107e92/code-1.104.2-1758714359.el8.x86_64.rpm
sudo dnf install code*.rpm

推荐字体:Consolas, Courier New, Fira Code

7、Pacman 更新回退工具(downgrade)

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S downgrade

# 用法:
sudo downgrade <包名>

Ubuntu/Debian 可使用 apt install <版本>apt-cache madison 包名 查看可选版本

Fedora 使用 dnf downgrade 包名

8、Google Chrome

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# Arch (AUR)
yay -S google-chrome

# Ubuntu/Debian
# 先下载官方 .deb 包,然后安装:
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt -f install

# Fedora
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
sudo dnf install google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

9、Microsoft Edge

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# Arch (AUR)
yay -S microsoft-edge-stable-bin

# Ubuntu/Debian
wget https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge/pool/main/m/microsoft-edge-stable/microsoft-edge-stable_xxx_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i microsoft-edge-stable*.deb
sudo apt -f install

# Fedora
sudo dnf install https://packages.microsoft.com/yumrepos/edge/microsoft-edge-stable-xxx.x86_64.rpm

10、Telegram

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S telegram-desktop

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install telegram-desktop

# Fedora
sudo dnf install telegram-desktop

10、QQ (Linux QQ / WeChat)

[!IMPORTANT]

这里我建议使用腾讯官网的appimage包,比较稳定

WeChat:

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wget https://dldir1v6.qq.com/weixin/Universal/Linux/WeChatLinux_x86_64.AppImage

QQ:

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wget https://dldir1v6.qq.com/qqfile/qq/QQNT/Linux/QQ_3.2.19_250904_x86_64_01.AppImage

11、Docker

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S docker

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install docker.io

# Fedora
sudo dnf install docker

12、Node.js & npm

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S nodejs npm

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install nodejs npm

# Fedora
sudo dnf install nodejs npm

13、Python3 & pip

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S python python-pip

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install python3 python3-pip

# Fedora
sudo dnf install python3 python3-pip

14、Neovim

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S neovim

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install neovim

# Fedora
sudo dnf install neovim

15、htop (系统监控)

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# Arch
sudo pacman -S htop

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install htop

# Fedora
sudo dnf install htop

Linux必备软件(多发行版安装指南)
http://huishao.net/2025/09/29/Linux必备软件/
作者
huishao
发布于
2025年9月29日
许可协议